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The Pashtun "Frontier Gandhi"
Few westerners have heard of the Pathan (or Pakhtun) leader Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1890-1988) – also affectionately known as Badshah Khan. He was an unlikely political warrior sworn to non-violence who emerged from the midst of a highly volatile culture that has produced the Taliban.
In the period before the partitioning of British India in 1947, Badshah Khan became the undisputed political leader of the Pathan tribes, joining forces with the Indian National Congress under Mahatma Gandhi for India's independence.
As Gandhi's Muslim associate, Badshah Khan was instrumental in demonstrating the moral and spiritual strength of a non-violent campaign for freedom and advancing the struggle for social improvement of society's least fortunate.
Badshah Khan raised an amazing army of non-violent soldiers – Khudai Khidmatgar, or servants of God – exceeding some 100,000 volunteers from among Pathan tribal warriors, for the political and social upliftment of h